What is a short-term rental? A complete beginner’s guide

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Pacaso’s Editorial Team
December 3, 2025
Two people with suitcases head to their short-term rental.
Key takeaways
This guide covers everything you need to know about short-term rentals, from how they work, to different types of short-term rentals, so you can know exactly what to expect as a guest or a host.
Short-term rental definition
A short-term rental is a furnished living space available for short periods, from a few days to six months. They are considered an alternative to a hotel.
Short-term rentals have become a staple of modern travel, offering the comforts of home with the convenience of a hotel. Not only do they provide a flexible option for travelers, but also a potential source of income for homeowners. But turning a mountain cabin or beach house into a rental comes with its own considerations and trade-offs. Here’s what potential owners should know.

Understanding short-term rentals

You’ve likely come across vacation home listings on Airbnb or VRBO, but what exactly defines a short-term rental? Also known as a vacation rental, it’s a fully furnished living space available for short stays, typically ranging from a few nights to a few weeks. Regulations vary by state, so prospective owners should familiarize themselves with local rules before listing.Over the last decade, short-term rentals have grown immensely in popularity. Brands like Sonder and Airbnb have made booking these properties as simple as booking a hotel room, so much so, that some employers even allow employees to expense stays. Homeowners are drawn to short-term rentals for their income potential, flexibility, marketing automation, and tax benefits. Unlike long-term rentals, these properties can also serve as personal retreats. Seasonal demand may affect availability, and during peak periods, owners might need to adjust personal use. Additionally, keeping a property guest-ready requires attention to cleaning, coordination, and maintenance.

How do short-term rentals work?

Many people who buy a second home or vacation property generate income by renting out their home when they’re not in use. Others purchase homes specifically as investment properties with the goal of earning consistent short-term rental income year-round.
A graphic shares the difference between vacation home vs. short-term rental.
Short-term rentals typically accommodate stays ranging from a few nights to several weeks, and in some cases, up to a month. Properties rented for longer than six months are usually considered long-term rentals, while anything shorter generally falls under the short-term category. Local regulations ultimately define what qualifies as a short-term rental in each area.When comparing a vacation home vs. short-term rental, the distinction is clear: a vacation home is primarily for personal enjoyment, while a short-term rental is managed as an income-generating investment. Understanding this difference helps potential owners make informed decisions about property use, financial planning, and regulatory compliance.

What is considered a short-term rental in each state?

Local restrictions are a critical factor for anyone considering owning multiple homes. Each city or county defines what qualifies as a short-term rental property, and the fees can be hefty for homeowners who rent under the radar.

What qualifies as a short-term rental by state?

StateLength of stay maximumsLocal regulations
Alabama30 consecutive days or less Requires a zoning certificate
Alaska30 consecutive days or lessRequires a business license
Arizona30 consecutive days or lessSubject to Arizona transaction privilege tax (TPT)
Arkansas30 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR business license
California30 consecutive days or lessRequires a business license
Colorado29 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR license
Connecticut90 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning certificate
Delaware150 consecutive days or lessRequires an occupational license
Florida181 consecutive days or lessRequires zoning approval
Georgia30 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR license
Hawai’i30 consecutive days or lessMay only be permitted in resort-zoned areas
Idaho30 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR license
IllinoisOne month or lessRequires a zoning permit
Indiana29 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning permit
​​​​Iowa30 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning permit
​​Kansas30 consecutive days or lessRequires rental registration
Kentucky30 consecutive days or lessMay require a conditional use permit
Louisiana30 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR permit
Maine30 consecutive days or lessMay require a minimum of two nights
Maryland90 consecutive days or lessRequires a rental license
Massachusetts31 consecutive days or lessRequires a rental license
Michigan30 consecutive days or lessRequires a rental license
Minnesota30 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning permit
Mississippi30 consecutive days or lessRequires rental registration
Missouri31 consecutive days or lessRequires a rental permit
Montana30 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning permit
Nebraska29 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR license
Nevada30 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR license
New Hampshire30 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning permit
New Jersey30 consecutive days or lessRequires a seasonal certificate of occupancy
​​New Mexico29 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR permit
New York30 consecutive days or lessRequires rental registration
North Carolina30 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning permit
North Dakota29 consecutive days or lessRequires a sales and use tax permit
Ohio29 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR permit
Oklahoma29 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR license
Oregon30 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR permit
Pennsylvania30 consecutive days or lessSubject to the hotel occupancy tax
Rhode Island30 consecutive days or lessRequires rental registration
South Carolina29 consecutive days or lessRequires rental registration
South Dakota14 consecutive days or lessRequires a conditional use permit
Tennessee30 consecutive days or lessSubject to local occupancy tax
Texas30 consecutive days or lessRequires a zoning permit
Utah29 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR permit
Vermont15 consecutive days or lessSubject to the local option tax
Virginia30 consecutive days or lessRequires a special use permit
Washington29 consecutive days or lessRequires liability insurance
Washington D.C.30 consecutive days or lessRequires an STR license
West Virginia29 consecutive days or lessRequires a business license
Wisconsin180 consecutive days or lessRequires a DATCP license
Wyoming29 consecutive days or lessRequires a basic use permit
Owners should verify local regulations, zoning, taxes and licensing with their city or state government website for specific details about what qualifies as a short-term rental in their area before leasing their property.
Example: John lives in Austin, Texas, and rents out a garage apartment during South by Southwest, a festival that fills the city’s hotel rooms. His property is registered and licensed with the city to allow stays under 30 days in length.

What are the different types of short-term rentals?

Short-term rentals generally fall into three main categories: entire homes, accessory dwelling units (ADUs) and individual rooms. The type of property you list can influence how you operate your vacation rental business, including tax obligations and zoning requirements, so accurate categorization is essential.
A graphic presents the three types of vacation rentals.

Entire homes

Example: A beachside retreatAirbnb and Airbnb alternatives list entire homes that range from seaside getaways to mountain cabins and urban apartments. To qualify as an entire home, the property must have a private living area, bathroom, and kitchen — fully separate from any shared spaces.

Accessory dwellings

Example: A backyard cottageAlso called in-law suites, ADUs are often detached studios on the same property as the primary residence. They typically include an en-suite bathroom, comfortable furnishings, and sometimes a private entrance — perfect for guests looking for a cozy, independent space.

Individual rooms

Example: A private guest suiteSome jurisdictions allow homeowners to rent out a room in their primary residence as a short-term rental. The room can accommodate one or more guests and sometimes offer access to shared spaces like a kitchen or yard. Like ADUs, some private rooms can include separate entrances for added privacy.

Short-term rental vs. long-term rental: what’s the difference?

Both short-term and long-term rentals are investment properties that homeowners can use to generate rental income. The length of the lease between owner and tenant often determines which type of rental agreement both parties will abide by.A long-term rental is generally a lease agreement for tenants who live at a rental property for at least 90 days, although some landlords require a minimum of 180 days or a full calendar year. A short-term rental, however, is generally available to lease for less than 30 consecutive days.
Short-term rentalsLong-term rentals
FurnishingsFurniture requiredTypically unfurnished
Tenant responsibilitiesLight cleaning may be necessaryModerate maintenance may be necessary 
Utility paymentsUtility costs are built into rental ratesTenants generally pay for utilities independently
VacanciesSeasonal vacancies are possiblePotentially fewer vacancies
Compared to a long-term rental, owning a short-term vacation home has its own share of pros and cons. From zoning laws to low-season vacancies, there are a few considerations before investing in short-term rentals.

What should I consider before investing in short-term rentals?

Investing in a short-term rental can be a lucrative opportunity, but it comes with responsibilities that go beyond simply owning a second home. There are several factors to consider before investing in a short-term rental.
A graphic shares the five things short-term rental owners must keep in mind.
To operate a short-term rental, owners need to:
  • Confirm zoning regulations: Check your local state, city or county website for specific short-term rental guidelines.
  • Obtain necessary licenses: Many jurisdictions require permits or licenses before you can legally earn rental income.
  • Report rental income: Operating a short-term vacation rental business means you assume the responsibility of reporting your income and expenses.
  • Plan for taxes: Budget for any additional taxes associated with short-term rental income to avoid surprises.
  • Manage and maintain the property: Whether hiring a property manager, or handling it yourself, keeping the rental guest-ready requires ongoing attention to cleaning, repairs, and tenant communication.
While short-term rentals can generate income, they also demand time, effort, and organization. If your priority is relaxation rather than running a business, co-owning a second home may be a better option, allowing you to enjoy the property without the operational responsibilities of a rental.

Should I buy, co-own, or rent a vacation home?

Deciding between renting, buying outright, or co‑owning a vacation home depends largely on how you vacation, what you value, and how involved you want to be. Below is a breakdown of each option to help clarify which might fit best:

Short-term rental:

  • Best for occasional travelers. If you only vacation a few times a year or prefer flexibility, paying nightly or weekly for a short-term rental can make sense.
  • Lowest commitment and upfront cost. You’re not tied down by maintenance, property taxes, or long-term expenses.
  • Over time, frequent rentals can add up and may end up costing more than ownership — especially if you vacation often in the same destination.

Buying a whole second home:

  • Full control, full responsibility. Ownership gives you freedom to design, customize, and use the home any way you like. It also builds equity over time. 
  • Best for frequent or long-term use. If you spend several weeks or months each year at the property, ownership offers the most flexibility and stability. 
  • Higher costs and maintenance. Buying outright means dealing with mortgage, insurance, taxes, upkeep, plus time spent managing the property.

Co-owning a vacation home:

  • More affordable path to ownership. With co‑ownership, you can access a higher-end home at a fraction of the price. 
  • Balance of ownership benefits and lower commitment. You still own real estate and can enjoy the property personally, but ongoing costs, maintenance, and scheduling are shared and professionally managed, reducing individual burden. 
  • Ideal for moderate — but not full-time — use. If you vacation a few times per year or prefer “home-away-from-home” luxury without full ownership hassles, co‑ownership can strike the right balance.
Which option works best depends on…
  • Budget and upfront cost comfort: Buying is most expensive; co‑ownership reduces the barrier to entry.
  • How much time and effort you’re willing to invest: Full ownership requires active involvement. Co‑ownership or renting saves you from most of that effort.
  • How often you plan to use the home — Frequent use leans toward buying; occasional use favors renting or co‑ownership.
  • Desire for flexibility vs. customization: Renting is flexible; buying gives full control over design and use; co‑ownership offers a middle ground.
  • Long‑term goals: If you want equity, legacy, or a personal getaway, owning, either outright or shared, makes sense. For short‑term travel convenience, renting may suffice.

How does Pacaso compare with luxury short-term rentals?

Instead of renting a vacation home night by night, Pacaso offers co‑ownership — a way to enjoy a luxury second home while also building equity.
  PacasoShort-term rental
TypeReal estate co-ownership with personal vacation usageShort-term or one-off usage
EquityYour money goes toward home equityYour money goes towards someone’s mortgage
HomeLuxury single-family home with the same amenities and furnishingsSingle-family home; amenities vary
ExperienceConsistent; professionally managedVaries based on host
PlanningEasy schedulingResearch/time required

Why Pacaso stands out

Compared with other vacation home options, Pacaso offers a smarter way to vacation. Your Pacaso home isn’t just a place to stay — it’s an investment in both your lifestyle and your future. Unlike traditional short-term rentals, you build equity while enjoying a professionally managed luxury property. Every visit is consistent, curated, and hassle-free, with cleaning, upkeep, and scheduling all handled for you.Short-term rentals provide flexibility and variety, but they come with unpredictability: changing hosts, inconsistent quality, and no long-term return. Pacaso combines privacy, stability, and a true “home away from home” experience, letting you enjoy the perks of luxury second-home ownership without the full-time operational responsibilities.Co-owning a luxury second home has never been easier. Unlike vacation rentals, a Pacaso vacation home is fully managed and turnkey — which means less work and more time to unwind. You choose the amount of ownership that works for you, and you share the costs and time spent in the home with other co-owners.

What is a short-term rental FAQ

01: How do I know if my city allows short-term rentals?

Do a Google search for your city name and “short-term rentals.” Airbnb has gotten so popular that most local governments devote a section of their website to licensing FAQs.

02: What kind of properties qualify as a short-term rental?

It depends on what your city allows. Some local governments allow whole homes to be leased as short-term rentals, while others restrict residents from leasing anything larger than a single room. In some cities, homeowners can rent something as small as a renovated Airstream trailer or a “structure” in their backyard.

03: What is the shortest time you can rent a property?

Your local jurisdiction will determine the shortest time you can rent a property you classify as a short-term rental. Generally, guests must book your vacation rental for one or two nights minimum.

04: What are the risks of a short-term lease?

Potential risks of a short-term lease can include low-season vacancies and keeping up with the latest market pricing. Unlike long-term leases, a short-term lease may require more tenant management and communication.

05: Do I need a license or permit to operate a short-term rental?

Yes. Most cities and states require a permit or license to legally operate a short-term rental. Requirements vary by location, so check local regulations before listing your property.

06: Are short-term rentals the same as vacation rentals?

Generally, yes. Both refer to furnished properties available for short stays, typically ranging from a few nights to a few weeks. “Vacation rental” is often used interchangeably with short-term rental.

07: How do short-term rentals differ from long-term rentals?

Short-term rentals are booked for days or weeks, while long-term rentals are leased for months or years. Short-term rentals often require more active management, cleaning, and guest coordination.

08: What are some key differences between Pacaso and luxury short-term rentals?

Pacaso offers co-ownership, allowing you to build equity in a professionally managed luxury home with consistent quality and privacy. Luxury short-term rentals provide flexibility and variety but do not build equity, can be less predictable, and often lose the sense of feeling at home.

09: What do owners need to consider before operating a short-term rental?

Before operating a short-term rental, owners should check zoning regulations, obtain necessary licenses, budget for taxes, and plan for property management and maintenance. They also need to understand seasonal demand and the time commitment involved in running a short-term rental.

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